Deforestation Ecosystem and Private Sector Views Free Essays

Trees are one of the most important aspects of the planet we live in . They are very important to the environment , economy and of course for us humans. They are also important for the climate of the earth , as they act as filters for carbon dioxide . We will write a custom essay sample on Deforestation: Ecosystem and Private Sector Views or any similar topic only for you Order Now However , the trees on our planet are being depleted at a very fast rate and governments must take an action to make a change. To discuss deforestation we need to look at a role of government and its economic policies . Also we need to look at how the private sector views the ownership of property and its resource at the expense of the environment. Deforestation is the felling and clearance of the land , mostly in the (Less Economic Developed countries. ) . Deforestation occurs in many ways. Most of the clearing its done for agricultural purposes, and planting crops. Some farmers use a( slash and burn) process which is environmentally . Deforestation and forest degradation are ultimately the result of decisions by agents made such as private , corporations and communities. Generally, the main agents in the process of degradation belongs to the private sector. For example landowners are motivated by making commercial profits by forests. So if the private agents have to pay for some of the cost of depleting forests, they are more likely to have more of an incentive to take care of the environment. For example to convert forest land for other uses. Pearce and Warford (1993) argue that :†High discount rates are one cause of environmental degradation because they encourage individuals to opt for short term measures that satisfy immediate needs or wants and ignore more environmentally appropriate practice such as planting trees, there is no market to take account of this divergence between private and social preferences Deforestation has many effects on climate. It plays a major role in recycling rain back into the clouds as it receives rainfall. As a result , when the land is cleared , flooding and drought becomes a serious problem, because rainwater travels quickly through the ground without the forest to regulate it . The burning and felling of the forests is also exacerbating the Greenhouse effect. .Deforestation robs the world of countless species , destroying crucial biodiversity and loosing species with potential uses in medicine , agriculture and industry. the Biodiversity is very important to the Ecosystem and without it we would be in a dangerous positions.. In 2000 environmentalist groups won a major victory against ranchers . They were able to block a low that would have allowed private agents to clear a rainforest and land with no restrictions. Another victory come in 2004 when Brazilian government created two large rainforest reserves, for sustainable activities only . Deforestation has a major impact on the environment, such as rising sea levels , soil erosion and compounds in the forests. There are some ways to avoid deforestation. In this essay I tried to show this matter of both sided can benefit if they take in to consideration each other needs . As good way to prevent people from cutting or burning down trees is to by encouraging and re-educating environmentally friendly practices in business as well as in a personal lives. They can take an ownership and contribute to a sustainable future for the environment , by being more socially responsible . Governments and nations can develop policies which will protect and limit the damage to the environment. How to cite Deforestation: Ecosystem and Private Sector Views, Papers

Advertising and Brand Promotion in Marketing †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Advertising and Brand Promotion in Marketing. Answer: Introduction Mediums and platforms which can be adopted by the business corporations for creating awareness regarding the products and the services is the concept of advertising and promotion. No product will be sold by the company or will be bought by the consumer until an awareness and will are developed about the same. The term has been considered as one of the significant and encomia topics for the society. Advertising is one of the elements of the promotion mix but has been also considered as one of the most prominent variables for the concept of a marketing mix. Advertising can be termed as the dissemination of the data which is concerned with the products and the services by non-persona means through paid media where the sponsoring entity has been considered as the source (Percy and Elliott, 2016). The concept of advertising and promotion proves very much beneficial for the business corporation as it creates awareness about the products and the services and which in-turn generates a will t o buy the product. This will aid the entity in accomplishing the organizational goals, provides the boost to the sales graph and develops a clear path towards success and growth. The term advertising is a broader concept andbrand marketing is one of the significant components of the same. The brand is one of the most empirical assets for any of the business organization. The concept of brand marketing is concerned with developing and establishing the brand equity in-front of the potential consumers (abc-pte-ltd.business 2017). The below-executed analysis has been made focused on the ABC PTE Ltd and an advertising campaign is required to be developed for the MAXI HOT POT which is a food container. The business entity is based in Singapore and is involved in providing support operations for the transportation industry. Company Background ABC PTE Ltd is a Singapore based business corporation. The business entity is involved in the business operations of providing supporting activities to the transportation industry (Emis 2017). The business corporation is headquartered in Cecil Street 31, Singapore. What is being advertised The below-presented report has been made focused on the advertising campaign and which has been made focusing on the MAXI HOT POT which is a food container (Moriarty et al., 2014). This food container keeps the food hot for the duration of 24 hours and has a digital timer. This timer will aid the users to know the time till which the food will be kept hot. Moreover, the main purpose of the container is to preserve and maintain the freshness of the food items kept in it. Problem solved by ad Advertising and promotion done for a product are the marketing efforts which will be aiding the business corporation in moving a step ahead of that from the competitors. The advertisements will be enhancing and boosting the sales and this is even possible when the company is not able to make heavy investments or have a low budget (Ebeid, 2014). The below-executed report is based on the Ad campaign for Maxi Hot Pot which is a food container of ABC PTE Ltd company. The following are some of the problems which will be solved with the help of this Ad campaign: Making the brand visible: The brand should be visible in the market and for the targeted consumers of the business corporation and if not so then it can come up as a problem for the entity. ABC PTE Ltd can develop brand awareness in the target market by adopting various mediums and platforms for promoting the concerning product (Kelley, Sheehan and Jugenheimer, 2015). Moreover, the company can also increase the involvement of the social groups and communities and this can also be considered as one of the factors which will aid in solve the issue of brand visibility. Launching new products: As in the case of ABC PTE Ltd. the company is launching its new product .i.e. Maxi Hot Pot, the business entity can face a number of problems (Hallahan, 2014). As selecting the target market and stimulating the same and developing a will to buy the product is a tough task and can come-up as a problem. The advertising campaign will aid the company in providing the required details about the desired product and this will aid in creating awareness about the same. The more the ad is presented well, the more of the consumers will be attracted and stimulated. Advertising Strategy Creation of a desire in the viewers is the outcome of a successful advertisement campaign. And for doing the same the business entity is required to employ some advertising strategies which will aid the campaign in establishing the brand name in the market place (Mirabi, Akbariyeh and Tahmasebifard, 2015). ABC PTE Ltd is expecting to launch a new product and for doing the same the below mentioned is the advertising strategy which can be utilized by the entity: Repletion: This advertising strategy has been considered as relevant one, as it is simple but yet it is very much effective (Wang 2014). The main focus of this strategy is creating awareness, building identity and developing an impression on customers memory. According to this strategy, the business entity is expected to mention the products name and details for multiple times through distinct mediums and platforms such as television, radio, social-media, newspapers etc. SWOT analysis Strength: The business approaches and the models used in this advertising campaign can be considered as one of the strengths of the advertising campaign. Moreover, face-to-face interactions with the targeted customers will also be noted in the list of the strengths as it will enhance the effectiveness and outcomes of the campaign. Weakness: The low budget can be considered as one of the weaknesses of the campaign (Sadeghi et al., 2015). The ad campaigns require the business entity to make efforts and to go out and meet the targeted leads and this will be proven difficult for the entity and can rise as a weakness. Opportunities: The advertising campaigns will enable the business entity to increase the memberships in the form of an increased market share. Moreover, Threats: Intensification in the competitive environment is considered as one of the biggest threat for the business entity and also for the advertising campaign. The market is also saturated and this can also be one of the barriers in the campaign. Outlining the creative strategy The term outlining creative strategy has been concerned with an outline or a frame work which has been created by the advertising agency for launching a product and the advertising campaign executed for the same. A creative strategy can be the outcome expected from a team composed of the copywriters, art directors, creative directors etc. The main concern of forming a creative strategy is the accomplishment of the advertising objectives of the campaign (Winer and Neslin, 2014). This concept can also be considered as an international strategic approach which can be adopted by ABC PTE Ltd for developing and implementing the procedures which will be aiding and supporting the business growth and success. It is the blueprint of the track, through which the attainment of goals is done. This approach will be providing the guiding principles to the creative team in for development of the advertisements (Businesscollective 2017). A creative strategy comprises of various moving parts such as d etailed market research, imaging plan, and effective strategic delivery. These parts also play an integral role in the attainment of the goals and for the campaign. The below mentioned are some of the creative strategies which can be adopted by ABC PTE Ltd so as to enhance the quality of the outcomes and also for attaining the goals of the campaign: Finding new ways to reach people: The audience is familiarized in seeing ads in familiar places such as TV, hoardings, internet websites etc. And if the business entity expects the advertised message to stand out, new mediums to connect with the audience should be found out (Galician, 2013). For instance, the business entity can make use of contemporary mediums of promoting and also face-to-face interactions can be proven beneficial and more effective. Target audience The target audience is the segment or the division of the consumers which are selected on the basis of some judgments and criteria (Lake 2017). It can also be considered as a demographic of individuals who are likely found to be interested in the product and the services. ABC PTE Ltd has been planning to launch a new product Maxi Hot Pot which is a food container. The target audience for the product is mainly the retailers who are into the business of providing containers f all types for household purposes. The next segment in this concept can be the food corners or the restaurants that provide the facility of food delivery at the door steps and the last segment in this section can be the housewives or the female consumers who are making the use of food containers for the household purposes. Marketing survey The concept is concerned with the methodology widely used in sales forecasting mechanism utilized for gathering the data which is associated with the market. As ABC PTE Ltd has been entering its new product in the market the firm will have to rely on the market survey to forecast its demand or sale. Since there are no past records accessible with the firm, so it needs to gather data from the market or from the clients straightforwardly to forecast the sales. Typically, the organization directs the survey among the sample of customers to comprehend their acquiring limit, attitudes and buying habits (Kumar, Kumar and Narayana, 2016). The major advantage of the market survey technique is that it aids in collecting the primary or original information particular to the issue concerned. Be that as it may, nonetheless, a gathering of essential information could be tedious and also costly. Media plan Media planning is the way toward recognizing and choosing media outlets, mostly daily newspapers, magazines, sites, television and radio stations, and outside arrangement in which to put paid ads. The individual in charge of assessing the numerous media choices and strategizing efforts to help a specific item, administration, or brand is known as a media organizer or planner. It is of very much essential for a business organization to adopt a media plan for a successful advertising campaign (Altstiel and Grow, 2017). The below mentioned are the components which are considered as an integral part of the concept: Defining the marketing problem: The business entity should be well-aware about the origin of the business and the source of the potential. Moreover, the best market opportunities for the business entity and which segment of the consumer should be targeted are being involved as the components, which aid in defining the market issues Transformation of the marketing requirements into attainable media objectives: The main objective of an advertising campaign is to attain the target market on a large basis and this can be done by adopting any of the media options, for instance, newspaper or radio (Sheehan, 2013). These are the media options which will aid the advertising campaign by reaching a huge amount of target market at a time. Determining a media solution by formulating media strategies: There are numerous schedules which work best for different media plans. For instance, in case of thumb rule, an ad is required to be run for minimum 3 times before it gets noticed. Radio is an option which has been considered as most effective when running at certain times in a day. Budget estimation Media and Budget planning for 2017 Resource Amount ($) Miscellaneous Expenses 1,000.00 Remuneration to brand promoters 15,000.00 Equipments 15,000.00 Labor (20 Staff*$1,000) 20,000.00 Office Staff (10 officials*$2500) 25,000.00 Total 76,000.00 Campaign evaluation The below mentioned are the stages which can be considered as the steps executed for evaluating the advertising campaign: The more data, the better: The advertisers before conducting the campaign should have enough pool of relevant data that will make everything clear. For instance how the funds and resources will be utilized (support.indiegogo 2017). Campaigns that are not transparent and clear with their ideas, goals, and objectives the project will not tend to attract the target audience. People behind the campaign: This variable comprises of the team or the staff members which are involved and engaged in the advertising campaign. These are to be considered as very much significant as no operation can be executed without manpower. The workforce provides motivation to each other and which enhances and builds the interest and dedication among the team for executing work. What is the purpose of the campaign: The purpose or the objective of executing the advertising campaign should be made transparent and crystal clear (Davis, 2015). This will aid the business entity in enabling the audience with the required details about the products and the services on which the campaign is focused. This will develop interest among the audience and an increase in the approaches will be more. Other options for getting the information about the ad campaign: The websites and the online portals of the business entity can be considered as the alternative mediums for obtaining the required data, whether it can be about the ad campaign or about the product which is advertised. A clear description of good presentation should be done on the websites. Moreover, the past campaigns and their records can also be considered as the relevant option for obtaining the data. Media channels and vehicles used for carrying the ads Mediums are the supporting agents for the advertising campaign which aids by assisting and supporting the campaigns by offering the varied range of channels. The media channels have been segmented into two main sections that are the traditional and the contemporary one. These channels can be utilized by the business entity in the campaign so as to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of the promotional event (Davis, 2015). Due to modernization and globalization, the business entities are expected to choose contemporary means or media channels. The below explained are some of the media channels which can be adopted by ABC PTE Ltd for advertising the product. Websites/Blogs: These are the online portals operated by the business entity and the consumers or the viewers can easily get the required data about the products or the services. Moreover, when the firm has been conducting the advertisement campaign all the concerning information about the campaign can be presented in an attractive manner so as to attain more and more audience. Social media: This medium can be considered as one of the largest channels for promoting the advertising campaign and also for the product, which is expected to be advertised for the promotional event (Kelley, Sheehan and Jugenheimer, 2015). Social media has been considered as the most used platform or medium due to an ease of access and usability. For instance, Facebook, YouTube are the two media channels which have been ranked as the highest viewed and operated channels from social media. These mediums will be proven very much beneficial for the business entity. Apart from all these mediums, the business entity is also required to use various other mediums such as vehicles or transportation for promoting the advertising campaign (Thorson and Moore, 2013). The business entity can make use of the goods carriers such as trucks for carrying the hoardings and banners and by this medium, the campaign will be making their reach to the local audience. Small vehicles attached with speakers and sound systems can be used for advertising the product through audio. Thinking of the consumers after seeing the ad The advertising campaigns should e made so presentable and attractive that t should be able in developing and establishing a positive impression on the audience. A positive image should be developed about the product which has been advertised through the advertising campaign. Also, a will or an interest should be developed regarding the purchase of the product. Moreover, the audience can also have a thought about the quality of the product .i.e. Maxi Hot pot (Katz, 2016). The mind can generate several questions such as preserving time and quality of the hot pot should not have any effects on the items preserved in the food container. In case, if the advertising campaign is related with any of the social cause, then it will automatically connect and enhance the image of the business corporation and which in-turn will impact brand image. Belief in the suggestions given by the ad The brand equity, goodwill, market credibility are some of the variables which define the trust and loyalty level of the business corporation. A positive sense in all of the above variables will tend the audience to think positively about the product and the advertisement campaign. Moreover, a good and clear message content, presentation and execution of the operations in the event will also the belief in the suggestions provided by the ad. Conclusion In the limelight of the above-executed analysis, it has been concluded that advertising campaign is one of the best media which can be adopted by the business corporation for advertising and promoting the goods and services. In the above-presented analysis, ABC PTE Ltd is the business entity which is launching a new product in the market.i.e. Maxi Hot Pot which is a food container. The company has been planning to execute an advertising campaign so as to advertise and promote the product in the new market region. The advertising campaign has been segmented into various sections and which will be proven beneficial for the business entity for establishing the brand image in the new market place. References abc-pte-ltd.business, 2017, abc pte ltd, Assessed on 1st September 2017, https://abc-pte-ltd.business1.com/products.html. Altstiel, T. and Grow, J., 2017.Advertising Creative: Strategy, Copy, Design. Sage. Businesscollective, 2017, 4 creative strategies for offline advertising, Assessed on 1st September 2017, https://businesscollective.com/4-creative-strategies-for-offline-advertising/. Davis, J., 2015. JMS 462: Advertising Strategy and Social Media. Davis, J., 2015. JMS 701: Advertising Strategy and Digital Analytics Platforms. Ebeid, A.Y., 2014. Distribution intensity, advertising, monetary promotion, and customer-based brand equity: An applied study in Egypt.International Journal of Marketing Studies,6(4), p.113. Emis, 2017, Emis store, Assessed on 1st September 2017, https://www.emis.com/php/company-profile/SG/Abc_Pte_Ltd_en_3698492.html. Galician, M.L., 2013.Handbook of product placement in the mass media: New strategies in marketing theory, practice, trends, and ethics. Routledge. Hallahan, K., 2014, March. Publicity Under Siege: A Critique of Content Marketing, Brand Journalism, Native Advertising and Promoted User Endorsements As Challenges to Professional Practice and Transparency. InPublic relations in a more transparent age 17th international public relations research conference(pp. 391-437). Katz, H., 2016.The media handbook: A complete guide to advertising media selection, planning, research, and buying. Taylor Francis. Kelley, L., Sheehan, K. and Jugenheimer, D.W., 2015.Advertising media planning: a brand management approach. Routledge. Kelley, L., Sheehan, K. and Jugenheimer, D.W., 2015.Advertising media planning: a brand management approach. Routledge. Kumar, M.M.S., Kumar, D.P. and Narayana, M.S., 2016. Impact of Brand Equity on Customers Purchase Decision Making while Choosing Branded over Unbranded Apparel in Andhra Pradesh.International Journal of Applied Engineering Research,11(7), pp.5202-5209. Lake, L, 2017, What is a creative strategy and why is it important to your marketing strategy, Assessed on 1st September 2017, https://www.thebalance.com/what-is-creative-strategy-4007702. Lake, L, 2017, what is a target audience, Assessed on 1st September 2017, https://www.thebalance.com/what-is-a-target-audience-2295567. Mirabi, V., Akbariyeh, H. and Tahmasebifard, H., 2015. A study of factors affecting on customers purchase intention.Journal of Multidisciplinary Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST),2(1). Moriarty, S., Mitchell, N.D., Wells, W.D., Crawford, R., Brennan, L. and Spence-Stone, R., 2014.Advertising: Principles and practice. Pearson Australia. Percy, L. and Elliott, R.H., 2016.Strategic advertising management. Oxford University Press. Sadeghi, M., Fakharyan, M., Dadkhah, R., Khodadadian, M.R., Vosta, S.N. and Jafari, M., 2015. Investigating the effect of rational and emotional advertising appeals of Hamrahe Aval mobile operator on attitude towards advertising and brand attitude (case study: student users of mobile in the area of Tehran).International Journal of Asian Social Science,5(4), pp.233-244. Sheehan, K.B., 2013.Controversies in contemporary advertising. Sage Publications. support.indiegogo, 2017, How to evaluate a campaign, Assessed on 1st September 2017, https://support.indiegogo.com/hc/en-us/articles/526816-How-to-Evaluate-a-Campaign. Thorson, E. and Moore, J. eds., 2013.Integrated communication: Synergy of persuasive voices. Psychology Press. Wang, R, 2014, 7 types of Ad strategies every copywriter should know, Assessed on 1st September 2017, https://www.business2community.com/content-marketing/7-types-ad-strategies-every-copywriter-know-01057899#zAKKqEOli9wUB5QU.97. Winer, R.S. and Neslin, S.A. eds., 2014.The history of marketing science(Vol. 17). World Scientific.

Animal Farm and acts of violence essays

Animal Farm and acts of violence essays Orwells satire, Animal Farm, illustrates how a shifting of power results in a creation of haves and have-nots, through the act of violence. Violence is significant in this novel for it instigates the effects of a change in authority, and sustains any attained power. Revolutions erupt by those who feel they are becoming controlled by the behavior of others. Restrictions are either set or more freedoms are offered as opposing sides form, in the search of unlimited and absolute control. The violent scenes create an understanding of the manipulation towards the working class and their agony. Through hostility, the animals search for an improved life, by threatening assault. As a result of persistent violence from the animals, they achieve unlimited freedom towards work and pleasure. Although, their decisions are flexible, work is difficult without the help of man. Napoleon negatively uses intimidation and his mounting power to influence the animals lives. The animals fear for their lives as Napoleon recognizing his state of superiority. As Napoleon replaces the role of humans, the animals respect a fellow animal in charge, but are naive of his violent human-like tactics of cruelty. The pigs undoubtedly have more freedom since they do as the please, but it is done to the expense of the other animals labor. Nonetheless, the farm animals acquire a sense of pride and achievement, as they perform their duties for themselves only. However, their lives remain miserable, while the pigs lives thrive with luxury. Sympathies are felt for the farm animals that cant prevent the consolidation of power. Once the major violence subsides, their labor increases as their food supply decreases. Through the acts of violence, the animals instantly become controlled by the pigs, leaving the other animals lives depressing. The animals receive no authority from the dominating pigs as they ruthlessly state al...

Mitigation Strategies and Solutions

Mitigation Strategies and Solutions Free Online Research Papers Something is lurking beneath the waters of the world’s oceans. However, that something is far less that it has been in centuries past. That something is fish. According to Jeremy Jackson of the Scripps Institute of Oceanograph, ninety percent of the largest fish in the ocean have been depleted. A ten- year study has revealed that most of the large fish have been removed from the ocean and only ten percent are remaining. This revelation has come as a surprise to many people who believe the adage, â€Å"there are plenty of fish in the sea†. The current belief is that over fishing is depleting the world’s fish supply. However, pollution, habitat loss and climate change all factor into the loss of ocean life. It is estimated that â€Å"29% of edible fish and seafood species have declined by 90%† due to changes in the ocean’s biodiversity (DeNoon, 2006,  ¶ 8). The ocean’s biological diversity- the living resources that compose it and the ecological processes that sustain it- forms a foundation for the quality of human life as well as the raw materials to enrich it. Biological diversity, or biodiversity, refers to the variety and variability among living organisms, and among the ecological complexes of which they are a part. Marine living resources provide essential economic, environmental, aesthetic, and cultural benefits to humanity. Sixteen percent of all animal protein consumed worldwide comes from the ocean. (Hourigan, T., n.d.,  ¶ 2) A closer look at the ocean’s troubles reveals that most of the ocean’s loss of biodiversity is directly related to human activity. Pollution is a large contributing factor to the ocean’s decrease in biodiversity. Pollution is caused by multiple sources such as toxic waste, boats, garbage, runoff, and automobiles. Some of these sources are obvious, except perhaps automobiles. Consider this, exhaust from automobiles ends up being acid rain. When it rains, acid rain falls into the ocean polluting the ocean and killing fish. Overfishing is also a contributing factor, Overfishing has substantially depleted or made certain species extinct. Continued fishing, without significant regulations or changes, is seen by some people as the coming oceanic apocalypse. Nicola Beaumont, PhD, of the Plymouth Marine Laboratory, U.K., believes [I]f biodiversity continues to decline, the marine environment will not be able to sustain our way of life. Indeed, it may not be able to sustain our lives at all† (DeNoon, D., 2006,  ¶ 7). Aquaculture is an example of a way to continue to supply fish for human consumption. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) defines aquaculture as â€Å"the propagation and rearing of aquatic organisms in controlled or selected aquatic environments for any commercial, recreational, or public purpose† (NOAA,  ¶ 3). Aquaculture or fish farms allow the demand for fish to be met while allowing for the same fish in the ocean to replenish. If we can change how we think about fishing and couple aquaculture with reduced marine fishing quotas and protected marine life areas (it is estimated that less than one percent of the world’s oceans are protected) the idea of replenishing the world’s oceans can become a reality. Currently, however, aquaculture is in its infancy. Current practices need to be revised for a more environmentally friendly solution. According to Nathan Ayer, coastal salmon aquaculture â€Å"pollutes the ocean floor, spreads disease and could play havoc with wild salmon genetics.† Farmed fish live in a densely populated environment. As with most living creatures, living in close quarters leads to the spread of disease and parasites. Environmental harm can be caused by farming pens. If a farming pen contains non-native species and they escape, the invasive species can weak havoc on the ecosystem and spread parasites and disease. In response to these environmental concerns, aquaculture farmers have started using land-based systems that use concrete tanks to house the fish. The claim is that these land-based systems are capable of isolating farm-raised fish from wild fish and recycling and treating fish waste and feed. However, the land-based systems do not operate without their own environmental impact. The feed used requires production and delivery (something not necessary for wild fish). This production and delivery causes the consumption of fuel and the creation of greenhouse gases. It has also been found that land-based systems require large amounts of energy to pump water, oxygenate water, temperate water, and treat water. It is understood that the risks of aquaculture are to the farmed fish, the surrounding environment, and the human population. Does this mean that aquaculture should be abandoned? Absolutely not! What all this means is that we need to understand the risks and rewards associated with aquaculture and build a plan that helps replenish our oceans, feed our planet, and has a limited environmental impact. One such plan is offshore aquaculture. Offshore aquaculture â€Å"takes place in federal waters† which begins approximately 3 nautical miles offshore and ends approximately 200 nautical miles offshore (NOAA,  ¶2). Because of the distance from shore, offshore aquaculture operations require technologies that can withstand open ocean conditions, exposed to wind and waves. Experts believe that the offshore has great potential for all kinds sustainable aquaculture for many reasons, including the fact that there are fewer competing uses further from shore and that the deep water and strong flow make the offshore a desirable location from an environmental standpoint. (NOAA,  ¶3) Due to the swift waters in offshore aquaculture operations there is less concern of contamination to the ocean floor due to debris. Additionally, offshore aquaculture operations will not have the environmental impact caused by land-based systems with regard to energy consumption for pumping, oxygenating, and treating water. It is important to remember that traditional fishing techniques do cause more harm than aquaculture. Ocean trawling, for example, damages ocean beds that are needed for food and living environments of many sea creatures. Trawling also causes the unintended catch and death of non-targeted fish. In addition, the large fishing ships dump raw sewage, and gray and oily water into the oceans. The aforementioned actions all lead to the depletion of the very fish we are in desperate need of replenishing. To reverse the effects of over fishing, it is important to develop a plan that educates the commercial fishing community. The plan will need to teach the fishing community how certain actions impact the declining fish population and what we can do as a community to reverse this impact. The goal is to meet with members of the fishing community to discuss and research ideas to prevent over fishing and rebuild the fish population through offshore aquaculture, mandatory preserve areas, and implementation of a replenishment program. Action Items (in the correct order) Action Steps Timeline Research and identify the effects of over fishing. Review environmental Web sites and journals. Document the effects of over fishing and the environmental impact. Document video interviews of environmental researchers and commercial fishermen. Month 1-3 Develop a program about fish replenishment. Develop a presentation about why a fish replenishment program is needed and include the negative effects of over fishing, the commercial fishing changes that will be required, and the benefits and challenges of change. Month 1-3 Schedule a presentation day and time. Try to obtain the support of the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) and the NOAA Fisheries Service. Contact commercial fishing companies, NMFS and NOAA to present the benefits of the fish replenishment program. Document the audio and visual equipment needed for presentation and layout of the room. Month 4 Identify and invite community participants. Invite members of the fishing community to meet and participate in the presentation of the fish replenishment program. Month 4-5 Finalize plan based on outcome of meeting discussions. Information gathered during discussions with the fishing community will be used to finalize a program. The final program will be distributed to NOAA, NMFS and the commercial fishing community. Establish a deadline for final comments from NOAA, NMFS and the commercial fishing community. Review and incorporate final comments into the plan. Month 5-7 Implementation Begin implementation of plan by developing commercial marine aquaculture farms. Month 8-10 The benefits of aquaculture are economic, social and environmental. According to Meserve (2005) of Duke University, aquaculture can provide annual revenue in the billions, decrease our dependence on foreign food sources, provide needed employment to displaced fishermen, and reduce the harmful impact of traditional fishing. The challenge will be in trying to convince fishermen that these changes are good for everyone. Convincing the fishermen to embrace this change instead of fearing the end of their employment may be difficult. Alaska, in an attempt to save their fishing jobs, refused to allow the aquaculture of salmon. As a result, Alaska lost business and jobs when other states implemented the aquaculture of salmon fishing leading to the very thing Alaska was trying to prevent†¦the loss of jobs. Obtaining the support of NOAA towards implementation of the fish replenishment program could provide significant inroads with the fishing community. According to Carlowicz (2007), the National Offshore Aquaculture Act of 2007 has tasked NOAA â€Å"with establishing stringent standards and coordinating offshore aquaculture with efforts by individual states.† Past programs, such as those referenced above in this article, have been criticized for their environmental impact. The National Offshore Aquaculture Act of 2007 contains legislation for environmentally sound practices. The 2007 act would establish requirements to ensure offshore aquaculture development proceeds in an environmentally responsible manner that protects wild stocks and marine ecosystems; establish a coordinated permitting process for offshore aquaculture that integrates requirements under existing state and federal environmental laws and fills in regulatory gaps; and authorize a research and development program for all types of marine aquaculture. (NOAA,  ¶7) Seeking a better way to sustain a food source for the human population while trying to repair a damaged environment is a good solution. Aquaculture, fishing reserves, and replenishment programs are all possible solutions to the problem. By implementing multiple programs, it is possible to protect the oceans from the loss of biodiversity. The oceans are an important part of our world. If the oceans die, there is a high probability that human life will also die. â€Å"The diversity of ocean life is the key to its survival. The areas of the ocean with the most different kinds of life are the healthiest† (DeNoon, 2006,  ¶ 15). To quote Jacques Cousteau, â€Å"†¦we must turn to the sea with new understanding and new technology. We need to farm it as we farm the land†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (NOAA, p. 1). References Ayer, N. (2006, August). Less bad: Raising fish on land is not eco-panacea some would have us believe. Alternatives Journal, 32(3), p. 31. Retrieved December 1, 2007, from Gale database. Carlowicz, M. (2007, July). New regulations proposed for offshore fish farms; WHOI-led task force recommended tough environmental standards. Oceanus, 45(3), p. 19. Retrieved December 1, 2007 from Gale database. DeNoon, D. (2006, November 2). Prediction: Oceans’ fish gone by 2048. International study by ecologists economists predicts collapse of world ocean ecology. Retrieved December 1, 2007, from webmd.com/news/20061102/oceans-fish-gone-by-2048 Hourigan, T. (n.d.) Conserving Ocean Biodiversity: Trends and challenges. Retrieved December 1, 2007, from http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/websites/retiredsites/natdia_pdf/7hourigan.pdf Meserve, N. (2005, Spring). Aquaculture in America. Is it worth it? Benefits, costs and the future. Retrieved November 9, 2007, from biology.duke.edu/bio217/2005/ncm3/index.html U. S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. (n.d.). Offshore Aquaculture. Retrieved December 1, 2007, from http://aquaculture.noaa.gov/us/offshore.html U. S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. (n.d.). What is aquaculture? Retrieved November 9, 2007, from http://aquaculture.noaa.gov/what/welcome.html University of Phoenix. (2007). Declining fish stock VLR. Retrieved November 9, 2007, from https://axiaecampus.phoenix.edu/secure/aapd/axia/sci275/multimedia/video/declinining_fish_stock.htm Research Papers on Mitigation Strategies and SolutionsGenetic EngineeringRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andDefinition of Export QuotasOpen Architechture a white paperBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeTwilight of the UAWMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductThe Project Managment Office System

Project Managment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Project Managment - Essay Example I will be discussing some salient points relative thereto project management and will also discuss how these key points will contribute to the enhancement and achievement of targeted company goals. The matter will be answered in accordance to the lessons learned from the module of this course which provided us learners the opportunity to work, plan, and manage a project using standard theoretical precepts. Some project management tools and techniques will also be used to introduce a technique in resolving organizational issues and concerns with sensitivity to available budget allocation and dynamics of the organization. In this questionnaire, I am expected to also use the tools for negotiations, teambuilding and quantitative estimation that can be drawn from the lesson using the case presented as my springboard for analysis. 2.0. Introduction Project management refers to the strategic capacity of an organization to put direction and implement programs and projects in accordance to sp ecific goals and objectives set by the company with a purposive end in mind (Lock, 2007). The outcome could either be about gaining profit, about organizational strengthening, attaining performance efficiency or developing a collaborative action with potential partners, venture-interest, or with possible business associates (Dinsmore, & Brewin, 2011). 3.0. Discussion 3.1. Case study Johnsons is a major player in the UK dry cleaning industry. Management has decided to move operations to a new site. The new site will allow Johnsons to expand its operational base by 50% and bid for new public sector contracts. Currently at its site, Johnsons has a capacity to deal with 20,000 kg of laundry. However, management prefers to work at 80% of its capacity. At a recent board meeting, the HR manager has been asked to explain the reason for poor workforce planning and lack of discipline which has reduced the working capacity to 60%. The above information can be used to define various terms. 3.2. Designed Capacity This is the average allowable level of capability, fitness and power of competence in the performance of services. In the case cited, the Johnson Company has a capacity to deal with 20,000 kg of laundry but considering some variables in the organization, e.g. human resource availability, laundry machines, spaces, and resource operational availability. 3.3. Effective Capacity This refers to an organizational design and value chain analysis pertaining to effective capacity management (Capacitas, 2013, p. 1). Often this correlates to the nature of organizational structure, model or framework of operation, the available resources with services, repository of service, information and system of reporting, scope of managerial function, and the training or educational capacity of the company’s human resources (Capacitas, 2013, p. 1). From the cited case, what is clear here is that from its designed capacity, the management agreed that it can only effectively delive r and perform 80% services. From the allowable percentile of work production, the company can only perform or produce services at a rate of 16,000 kg of laundry. It is further unclear, given the many variables, if these 16,000kg constitute the daily laundry operation of the company or in a weekly status or in a month. The case given have not expressly cited the time and days that such 60,000 kg average laundry service is attained. It’s also unclear about the technology that will be used for laundry operation and neither is the case clear

Social Justice, Access to Health Care and Abortion Debate Essay

Social Justice, Access to Health Care and Abortion Debate - Essay Example Universal access to health care is crucial as this is a basic human right. The health of a society is affected by not simply the ease of visiting a doctor, but also by the social status and the existing unfairness in universal coverage. Universal coverage of a population implies that when the population seeks health care, they receive at least a package of the service at a fair cost at the delivery point. Before legalizing any aspect of health intervention such as cloning or euthanasia, universal access should be ensured. Cloning and euthanasia have paramount impact on the culture and taboos of the population; thus, any application without prior universal access to the community will violate a population’s social rights. Ethical issues may arise in this case because the two medical advancements are not fully acceptable by all cultures. According to Pan American Health Organization, the ethical issue relating to euthanasia is if it is permissible to take one’s own life o r if another person should be a partisan in taking another person’s life. Advocates of the practice argue that it is humane for a person to help another person die if it is the only recommended way of eliminating their pain and suffering. Those opposing it argue that it amounts to murder and contradicts the fundamentals of social justice. Proponents of human cloning argue that the technology is a huge progression towards human and technological evolution. Those opposing it claim that it belittles the divine value associated with humans thereby reducing them into disposable artifacts. Ensuring universal access before applying such medical interventions will address the mentioned divergent views and avert their unfair or genocidal impacts. According to Lu, the benefits of any medical intervention cannot be realized if they are not extended equally within the society (79). Access to healthcare is a requirement for social justice. Therefore, the legislation should lay equal empha sis on the universal coverage of medical services and related healthcare benefits to all. Cloning and euthanasia are forms of health care that have a central role to play in ensuring social justice as they contribute in promoting the welfare and opportunities among community members. This sustains people’s participation in all spheres of life. Lu and Hsiao also posit that the relationship between health care and opportunity suggests that the distributive justice should be ensured in all sectors of the health care system. This is in order to uphold the virtue of equality of opportunity as stipulated in the concept of social justice (82). Some of the challenges to ensuring universal coverage and access to health care are related to structural inequalities in regards to race, gender, ethnicity and caste. Achievement of universal access to health care calls for improvement in three dimensions namely; expansion of the extent of financial protection available to the population, put ting in place efficient organizational and structural mechanisms for improving financial protection and widening the range of services available at a subsidized cost. Deal with the main pros and cons on the abortion debate and spell out what the pro-life, pro- choice and more moderate positions are. Then state your own view on this to justify and defend it from likely criticisms. Is there a slippery slope effect here from allowing abortions? Will society

Native Americans and early Euro-American settlers Essay

Native Americans and early Euro-American settlers - Essay Example The evidence is very clear in the presence of Christianity across the areas invaded by the Euro- American settlers. The discovery by Columbus in 1942 is a benchmark for the massive invasion by the early European settlers that would dominate the North American continent for several centuries (Fraser 37). Despite the manifestation of Christianity in various denominations, it once faced acceptance challenges amongst many North American natives. The differences in the denominations were very significant surrounded by the need for land, which increased the enmity between the Native Americans and the European settlers group. The Native Americans within the today’s United States boundaries inclusive of the people of Hawaii, and Alaska belongs to numerous tribal and ethnic groups some of which in intact political societies. The traditional Native ceremonies are still in practice in some bands and tribes alongside old theological beliefs. The use of sweet grass, tobacco, sweat lodge ceremonies and prayers in ancient phonologies are also common amongst some people in the current society. There is also the presence of the Native American church, which comprises of both Christianity elements alongside ancient spiritual practices. The presence of these practices all along to today’s society signifies strong religious beliefs and resistance to change offered by the Native American people (Kozlowski and Weber 102). The Native American religion brings along great complexity that is difficult to explain. The presence of many tribes is a profound factor alongside the verbal expression of religious principles from one generation to the other. Beliefs amongst the several tribes were different though they form a convergence at one point by sharing the major aspects. The religion amongst major tribes had a great focus on nature where animals, landscape, plants and majority of environmental elements that contribute greatly in the religious